The Complex Forming seminar will enhance students’ technical skills in creating, analysing and manipulating complex geometries through parametric design.


Syllabus

Digital Tools for Complex Forming Seminar

 


Source: Hesham Shawqy

Complex Forming is structured to enhance students’ technical skills in creating, analysing, and manipulating complex geometries through parametric design. Students will explore mathematical surfaces, tensile structures, voxel aggregation, recursion, particle-based systems, and tessellation techniques as they apply to architectural form-finding and design. Through Grasshopper3D and Python, students will engage with algorithmic thinking and computational methods to produce sophisticated, data-driven forms that can be applied throughout their time in MaCAD.

The course begins by introducing students to the fundamentals of mathematical surface generation. By utilising parametric equations and exploring surface behaviour, students will gain insight into the application of precise mathematical functions to control form. Following this, the focus shifts to tensile surfaces, where students will learn how to generate minimal surfaces and membrane structures that are commonly used in lightweight, flexible architectural designs.

As the course progresses, students will delve into more specialised topics, such as voxel-based design and cellular aggregation. They will also explore recursive design processes, where repeating algorithms produce intricate geometries, mimicking fractals and other complex forms found in nature. Through these exercises, students will become adept at creating and refining iterative, rule-based models using Grasshopper’s parametric capabilities. The course will conclude with techniques such as swarming algorithms, noise functions, and tessellation. This section enables students to develop highly intricate architectural systems and patterns, applying swarm intelligence and customisable tiling workflows. 

The culmination of the course is a final project, where students will synthesise their knowledge to produce a unique architectural form or system, showcasing the advanced skills they have developed in complex forming.

 

Learning Objectives

By the end of this course, students will:

  • Master mathematical and algorithmic approaches to form generation.
  • Gain proficiency in using advanced Grasshopper3D components and plugins.
  • Become confident using Python to extend the functionality of Grasshopper.
  • Develop understanding of complex geometries and their real-world benefits.
  • Understand data structures, essential for managing complex geometries and datasets
  • Document the computational design process and its iterations.
  • Build expertise in specialised techniques such as physics simulations, aggregation systems, and optimization solvers, and explore their application in design.
  • Cultivate a curiosity for discovering additional specialised techniques, pushing the boundaries of design innovation through experimentation.

#Rhinoceros3D, #Grasshopper3D, #Python, #CPython,  #Mathematics, #Form,  #Physics, #Algorithm, #Data, #Tensile, #Voxels, #Aggregation, #Recursion, #Fractal, #Swarming, #Noise, #Tessellation, #FormFinding, #Modular, #Data, #Optimization


Faculty


Faculty Assistants


Projects from this course

PROJECT HOPE

AS6 COMPLEX FORMING Design Concept and Computational Design System “Project HOPE ” emphasizes rehabilitation over punishment by creating therapeutic environments by Hierarchy levels. Computational Design System: Parametric tools to simulate and optimize layouts. Algorithms for spatial relationships, light studies, and environmental analysis. Goals: Humanize: Design spaces that prioritize mental well-being. Environments: Incorporate therapeutic architecture, recreation, … Read more

Kaleidos

Abstract The project, Kaleidos, is the story of a transformative rehabilitation system that redefines the experience of incarceration. It targets individuals undergoing psychological recovery, creating a dynamic, non-linear journey of healing. This architecture does more than confine—it evolves, adapts, and interacts with its users, guiding them through stages of denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. … Read more

Deconstructing Alcatraz

1. Design Concept and computational Design System Obsolete typology Interpretation Deconstruction    Understanding the current prisons as punitive institutions that fail to rehabilitate but imprison inmates without offering social inclusion solutions increases the risk of recidivism.     Deconstructing Alcatraz proposes an alternative to this typological lack through its own reconstruction. In a VR environment the proposal consists … Read more

άβυσσος avissos

What if punishment and rehabilitation could coexist in a fully immersive virtual environment? Can justice be achieved in the virtual realm? A Transformative Journey in Emotional Rehabilitation Avissos, named after the Greek word for the deepest part of the sea, reimagines emotional rehabilitation as a unique, multi-stage journey. This concept challenges individuals to confront empathy, … Read more

Memory Loop

 This is Memory Loop, a computational design project that reimagines the rehabilitation experience for prisoners on Alcatraz Island. Here, architecture becomes more than confinement. It becomes an adaptive, generative space for introspection and reflection. A system that emerges, evolves, and dissolves in response to its purpose. The concept is simple but powerful. Instead of static … Read more

Re (Form) Reality // ITERUM

The Context The prisoner’s journey is an emotional and psychological transformation. The spaces inhabited during this process are designed to mirror the evolving state of mind, fostering introspection and awareness.Architecture becomes a tools to reflect the prisoner’s internal experiences, guiding them through stages of self-realization: as the prisoners confront these emotions within the space, they … Read more

PRIZORB  – Complex Forming

Brief Create a concept for a virtual reality (VR) prison where inmates serve sentences within a modified VR simulation of Alcatraz Island, located in California. Your design reimagines the island prison typology, a longstanding method of separating prisoners into a distinct, isolated space. Although traditional prisons emphasized isolation from society, modern incarceration aims to foster … Read more

The 4 Seasons

The project While in prison, inmates often lose their sense of time and the natural rotation of the seasons. Their lives tend to become a continuous loop with little variation and few opportunities to start anew by learning new skills or pursuing higher education. Additionally, the social environment in these spaces is frequently governed by … Read more

Alcatraz under the Sea

Project Brief The Utopian submerged citySome submerged cities are envisioned as utopian societies, thriving under the sea with advanced technology and new ways of living, creating an ideal or harmonious civilization far removed from the troubles of the land-based world.In contrast, others are depicted as dystopian settings, where the survivors of a collapsed society are … Read more

The Re-iterating Maze

The Re-Iterating Maze helps inmates at Alcatraz develop meditative practices through rehabilitation, using their sentence to make a more peaceful existence possible. Our concept allows prisoners a mindful form of exercise, allowing them to use their time outdoors exploring multidimensional pathways. Mindful walking encourages the brain to focus on the activity of traversing a determined path. By … Read more

Re-Thinking Prison

COLOR world _ 1st stage

Concept Re-Thinking Prison explores the potential of virtual spaces to rehabilitate inmates by offering environments that encourage emotional growth and learning. Inspired by Bosch’s The Garden of Earthly Delights, this project envisions three distinct worlds—Color, Nature, and Minimalist—as transformative experiences for inmates. Each world is designed to guide inmates through emotional introspection, mental restoration, and … Read more

whatisreality?

* whatisheterotopia? /ˌhɛtəroʊˈtoʊpiə/ noun “The cemetery, as a space of the living and the dead, is a classic example of a heterotopia.” 2.Architecture: A site or design that challenges traditional notions of spatial organization, inviting multiple interpretations and experiences. “The urban park became a heterotopia, a sanctuary from the city’s chaos yet deeply rooted within … Read more

RE:HABITAT

Abstract Prisons are constrained by tangible realities – static physical forms, high-density layouts, lack of amenity and limited access to natural spaces. These constraints are typically a result of inflexible systems and rigid hierarchies with high oversight to keep prisoner behaviour in check, but result in the need for efficient use of space and cost-effectiveness. … Read more